Describe “mukunda”.

[ Note :- In the subject ESO-15, The ‘Mukanda’ ritual was explained, but not ‘Mukunda’. So, there was a spelling mistake in the assignment question. It is ‘Mukanda’ not ‘Mukunda’. ] ‘Mukanda’ is an initiation ritual of ‘Ndembu tribe’ that resides in an African country, ‘Zambia’. In this ritual, young men are circumcised and taught morals … Read more

Discuss the meaning of Fundamentalism

Fundamentalism is the belief that their scriptures are infallible, and their religion is supreme. Fundamentalists won’t spear those, who are at variance with the words of their scriptures. Hence they are interpreted as narrow-minded and bigoted. They even fight for the separate homeland, if it is mentioned in their religious books. This makes them isolated … Read more

Elucidate the concept of civil religion

According to Emile Durkhiem, a French sociologist, a religion is a unified set of beliefs and practices, which unite people into a single moral community. Carlton J.H.Hayes says that Nationalism had become a genuine religion as it arouses a deep and compelling emotion. Civil religion is the “religious or quasi-religious regard for certain civic values … Read more

ESO-15 Solved Question papers

* Note :- The answers that are not yet published, will be posted soon. December, 2015 SECTION I Answer any two of the following questions in about 500 words each. Discuss the shifting perspectives on the study of religion. Analyse a religion of your choice in terms of its functions. Highlight the salient points of the study … Read more

ESO-15 Solved Assignments

* Note :- The answers that are not yet published, will be posted soon.  July 2017 and January 2018 Section – I Answer the following in about 500 words each. Explain the intellectualist theories of religion. What is secularism? Discuss its various elements. Section – II Answer the following in about 250 words each. Compare … Read more